The third shot hit him in the knee, according to staff who treated him.
Uribe, from the right-wing party Centro Democratico, was shot at an event in the capital Bogotá. In a video clip spreading on social media, the politician is seen holding a speech in front of people when suddenly shots are heard.
Images from the scene show that the 39-year-old's head and back were covered in blood, and he was taken to hospital with critical injuries. He is being treated in the emergency room, according to the capital's mayor.
A 15-year-old has been arrested and is being treated after being injured in the incident. Two others, a man and a woman, have also been injured.
Unclear motive
So far, it is not known what the motive was, and the country's defense minister has promised that, among other things, the military and police will do everything they can to find out what happened. A reward has also been offered for information about who was behind the shooting.
The government condemns the incident.
"Violence can never be the way forward. I condemn in the strongest possible terms the attack on Miguel Uribe," writes Foreign Minister Laura Sarabia on social media.
"I really hope that (Uribe) is doing well and is out of danger."
Critical of Petro
Uribe's party calls it an "unacceptable act of violence".
Uribe has announced that he wants to run in next year's presidential election in Colombia, and is now a senator. In his role as senator, he has focused on economic stability and law and order, according to Bloomberg. He is a close ally of the country's former president Álvaro Uribe, and has been very critical of current President Gustavo Petro's reforms.
Authorities say that no specific threat was made against Uribe before the incident.
