The girl, who is from Sierra Leone, was rescued by a German-flagged sailboat that took her to Lampedusa on Wednesday morning, according to the charity organization Compass Collective.
She had neither food nor water with her and was hypothermic.
According to the girl, there were around 45 people on the boat when it left the port of Sfax in Tunisia. After the shipwreck, she had been drifting at sea for three days.
According to figures from the UN, which are largely based on survivors' testimonies, more than 1,500 people have died or are feared to have died in the central Mediterranean so far this year.