Liv Køltzow debuted with the short story collection "The Eye in the Tree" in 1970. The novel "Who Decides for Bjørg and Unni" which came in 1972 became synonymous with the concept of "women's literature" and constituted the starting shot for a feminist and political literature in Norway during the 1970s.
In Swedish, her novel "The Story of Eli" from 1975 is translated.
Liv Køltzow also wrote the biography "The Young Amalie Skram" in 1992. Two years later, she was awarded the Amalie Skram Prize and in 1997 she received the Brage Prize. In 2021, she received the Brage Prize's honorary prize.