The five have been found guilty of a number of crimes, including kicking Israeli football fans and inciting violence in chat groups. The highest sentence, six months' imprisonment, was given to a man named Sefa O for violence against several people.
The police have investigated at least 45 people due to the violence after the match between Dutch Ajax and Israeli Maccabi Tel Aviv.
Six more suspects, including three minors, will be brought to trial at a later stage.
Images of the violence spread around the world and sparked outrage in Israel, with accusations of a "pogrom", violent persecution with anti-Semitic characteristics. Five Israeli football supporters were injured.
At an emotionally charged press conference the morning after the riots, Amsterdam's mayor Femke Halsema said the city had been "badly affected" by "hateful anti-Semitic rioters".
But later, Halsema said she regretted the parallel between the violence and "memories of pogroms", and meant that this word had been used as propaganda.
Israel's Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu described the violence as a "premeditated anti-Semitic attack".
