Swedish Board of Student Finance
Centrala studiestödsnämnden, the state agency that pays student finance (studiemedel): a grant and a loan for studies at university, komvux, folk high schools and other approved courses, and a study allowance for upper secondary pupils. It also collects repayments of student loans.
Student finance is paid in advance, usually on the 25th of each month. Foreign citizens can get it in some cases, for example EU/EEA citizens who work in Sweden or have family here, and people with certain residence permits; CSN first assesses whether you have the right.
You apply on CSN's website, and payments start once you have confirmed your studies.