Fukushima play in Japan's third division, and Miura has signed a contract until June 2026.
This means that the veteran will have time to turn 59 before the contract expires.
For "King Kazu", the transfer means he is entering his 41st season as a professional footballer - a career that began in the 1980s.
"My passion for football hasn't changed, no matter how old I get," Miura said, according to the BBC.
The striker aims to play until he turns 60.
"I am very grateful to have been given this opportunity. I promise to play with everything I have to contribute. Now we are making history."
Miura made his debut for the Japanese national team in 1990 and was capped a total of 55 times before being unexpectedly left out of the squad for the 1998 World Cup.
