On his social media platform Truth Social, Trump writes that the Fed "failed to stop the problem they created with inflation" and that the central bank has done a "terrible job with banking regulation".
The salvo comes less than a week after Trump said he would "demand that interest rates be lowered immediately", reports CNBC.
Fed Chairman Jerome Powell has emphasized the importance of an independent central bank, which the country's new Finance Minister Scott Bessent has also done.
Trump, on the other hand, has believed that the president should have influence over interest rate decisions.
The President has also clarified during last year's election campaign that he does not intend to extend Powell's term as Fed Chairman when it expires next year, while also promising not to try to fire him.