The national road, which follows the Klarälven river through northern Värmland, is in poor condition and the Swedish Transport Administration has applied to build erosion protection at seven locations.
It can collapse at any time, says the Swedish Transport Administration's project manager Kenth Henriksson to SVT News Värmland.
But the Land and Environment Court has rejected the application because the river and its plant and animal life are protected by Natura 2000, a network of the EU's most protected natural areas.
The case is now in the Supreme Court and the Swedish Transport Administration hopes that the court will leave it to the government, which can grant exemptions from the Natura 2000 regulations.