The 19-year-old world number one from China took home the match's two opening sets before Källberg could reduce, equalize, and turn the match to 3–2.
Lin Shidong equalized to 3–3 and a dramatic seventh deciding set followed.
Anton Källberg took an early lead with 3–1, but the Chinese player came back. Then the match was incredibly even until Lin won three straight points and took home the set with 11–8.
He thus stopped an all-Swedish quarterfinal, as Truls Möregårdh awaits in the next round.
Last year's Olympic Games silver medalist defeated Simon Gauzy with 4–2 in his round of 16. The Frenchman, ranked 55th in the world, offered really tough resistance, and the two players won exactly the same number of points in the match, but the Swede took home the crucial ones.
Among other things, Möregårdh saved set points in both the fifth and sixth sets. He won the latter with 13–11 after Gauzy hit the Swede's first match point into the net.
It was super tough. I won the sets very narrowly, but I took home the crucial points. It will be a thrilling match tomorrow, and then I must play better than today to have a chance. He is the world number one and has all the pressure on him, says Möregårdh in the broadcast on the International Table Tennis Federation's YouTube channel.
The quarterfinals will be played on Friday.