The facility in Sudzha in the Kursk region has previously supplied Europe with gas. It is located in the area where Ukrainian forces have carried out their offensive, which began in August last year.
Earlier in March, Ukraine confirmed that its military had withdrawn from Sudzha, which is described as a crucial hub for Ukraine's presence in the region.
Russian state-controlled media has published images of a burning building and accuses Ukraine of the attack. The news agency AFP has not been able to verify the extent of the damage.
Everyone can see how much we can trust the words of Zelensky and other representatives of the Kyiv regime, says Kremlin spokesperson Dimitrij Peskov, and further claims that Russian forces do not carry out any attacks on energy facilities on President Vladimir Putin's orders.
The accusation comes after the Kremlin announced on Tuesday that they had agreed with the White House on a month-long pause in attacks on "energy infrastructure".
At the same time, Ukraine's General Staff says the accusations are "groundless" and that Russia has "fired artillery at the facility".
President Volodymyr Zelensky also stated on Thursday that Russia had continued to attack energy facilities "despite Putin's words".
On Thursday evening, Russia attacked the port city of Odessa in Ukraine, causing large fires.
