"It was a crazy game, we had to fight. Everything was against us, we found a way," goal scorer Kane continued.
England won despite teammate Jarell Quansah being sent off early in the second half and the team having to play with 10 men for 35 minutes plus injury time.
In the first half, Jude Bellingham scored two goals in 98 seconds to give England a 2-0 lead. However, Mexico managed to cut the deficit before the end of the first half.
Double penalties
Both England and Mexico were awarded penalties in the second half, with Harry Kane and Raúl Jiménez both scoring. Jiménez made it 2-3 with around 20 minutes remaining in normal time.
"We gave it our all out there, every single one of us. We need to take this in, now it's full speed ahead," said England manager Thomas Tuchel.
After the match, the English celebrated with the travelling supporters, after which Jordan Henderson fell over an advertising sign, landing on his arm and injuring himself. The former Liverpool player was carried off the pitch on a stretcher and then taken to hospital.
Injured in the celebration
"Not good. We have a defender with an injury, and then Jordan who just fell and hurt his wrist. It looks really bad. It's a pretty serious injury," Tuchel told the BBC.
Henderson has made a cameo appearance during the World Cup, against Panama in the group stage.
In the quarter-finals, England will face Norway, who earlier in the night won their round of 16 match against Brazil.
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