The ruling comes after the American government appealed a court decision from a lower court to rehire thousands of dismissed people.
The outcome is a major victory for President Donald Trump, according to the newspaper, which notes that it can facilitate the government's efforts to significantly limit the federal influence over the American education system.
The dismissals are expected to hit the education department hard, which, among other things, handles federal student loans, measures study results and maintains civil rights in the country's schools.
The decision from the Supreme Court is the latest in a series that has gone in favor of Trump. As recently as last week, the judges enabled the government to cut thousands of public jobs in order to reduce the state's expenses.