The foreign intervention strengthens the military capacity of the country's warring parties, enabling more advanced warfare - with devastating consequences for the civilian population, the report states.
Tens of thousands of people have been killed and millions have been forced to flee since April 2023, when the conflict between the Sudanese army and the paramilitary RSF broke out.
The UN-backed report documents, among other things, the recruitment of hundreds of mercenaries from Colombia who have handled drones, artillery and advanced weapons systems on behalf of the RSF. According to testimonies, fighters from neighboring countries - South Sudan, Chad and Ethiopia - have also participated in the conflict.
The report also finds that private actors based in, among others, Colombia and the United Arab Emirates have organized the entry of military personnel and the delivery of weapons to the RSF through various transit points via Sudan's neighboring countries. The independent investigators also assess it as likely that the regular army used drones from abroad in attacks that affected both civilians and civilian infrastructure.
Civilians are paying the price through attacks on homes, hospitals, schools, markets and places of refuge, says the chairman of the investigation, Mohamad Chande Othman.
The investigation was commissioned in October 2023 by the UN Human Rights Council with the aim of collecting evidence of violations during the conflict.
