"It is the first time in history that a marine drone has destroyed a manned combat plane", states the country's military intelligence service in a press release.
The plane, of the type Su-30, was shot down on Friday over the Black Sea off the Russian port city of Novorossiysk, according to the information.
The drone is called Magura V5, is manufactured by Ukraine and is essentially a smaller unmanned vessel. According to the intelligence service, such a drone was used to take out two Russian helicopters on December 31, which was also described as historic.
On social media, Ukraine has shared a film that is said to be from the drone and shows how the plane explodes in the air and crashes into the water.