Traditionally, nationalists and the far right gather in Poland every year to demonstrate and express their discontent - and they will do so again this year, despite heightened security following the deadly suspected terrorist attack in Krakow over the weekend.
Many gatherings proceed peacefully, but nationalist demonstrations have historically degenerated, with demonstrators clashing with police.
On Wednesday, tens of thousands gathered with Polish flags and red flares. Right-wing extremist slogans were visible on banners at the demonstration.
At a stand, anti-European, anti-Ukrainian and antisemitic “patriotic” books were on sale, AFP reported from Warsaw.
Poland’s National Independence Day marks the country’s independence, proclaimed in 1918.
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