The decision appears to pave the way for the use of the old district map in the November midterm elections, a setback for the state's ruling Republicans, who had hoped to gain another seat in the House of Representatives by redrawing the electoral map.
This is the second time that the US Supreme Court has refused to intervene to allow the new electoral map to take effect, and it means that a previous blocking decision by the Missouri Supreme Court stands.
Missouri was the second Republican-led state, after Texas, to adopt new electoral districts after Trump called for it last year.
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