The host has long been critical of the US president, but the television company CBS claims that financial reasons are behind the closure of the "Late Show".
"You're the first person in America to be fired from your show because we have a president who can't take jokes," Springsteen told Colbert.
The very last "Late Show" airs Friday night, local time in Sweden. In Colbert's penultimate program, Springsteen played his protest song "Streets of Minneapolis" and took on Trump and the Ellison family, who own CBS.
"Stephen, they are narrow-minded people. This is supposed to be a free country, but they have no understanding of that. This song is for you," Springsteen said.
