The network has been dismantled in coordinated operations around the country after "several stages of observation, surveillance and other intelligence measures," Iran's Revolutionary Guards' intelligence organization said in a statement.
No details were given about when the raids allegedly took place, or how many people were arrested.
Over 1,000 people were killed, according to Iranian reports, in Israel's surprise attacks in June on military and nuclear facilities in Iran. Tehran responded with missile and drone attacks on Israel.
The United States also entered the war with one-night bombing attacks on Iranian nuclear facilities.
A ceasefire between Israel and Iran has been in place since June 24.
In October, Iran increased the punishment for people convicted of spying for Israel and the United States. Since then, several people have been hanged on charges of spying for Israel.
