The explosion is suspected to have been caused by a suicide bomber, and occurred during evening prayers, according to information provided to the BBC.
No armed group has yet claimed responsibility for the suspected attack.
Maiduguri is the capital of Borno state, which has long been affected by insurgencies from the jihadist groups Boko Haram and Iswap, although the city itself has not been subjected to a major attack in several years.
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