56-year-old Bolojan, leader of the right-wing party PNL, will now have to deal with Romania's poor economy and unite the divided EU country.
The country was thrown into political chaos when the presidential election in December was declared invalid due to allegations of Russian interference with a far-right candidate who conducted an extensive campaign on social media.
Bolojan says he is "aware of the great responsibility" he takes on with Romania's prolonged budget crisis.
The appointment must be confirmed by the parliament, where Bolojan hopes to get support from four EU-friendly parties and form a government next week.
